A couple of weeks ago AVHashtags choose #AVabc as their hashtag of the week in honor of Dr. Suess.
Dawn Meade, Director of Marketing at Net-AV, was so inspired she created an abecedarian poem based on the Gashlycrumb Tinies by Edward Gorey.
Today, Adelyte will start our #27DaysOfAVabc series with numbers. While AV/IT terms change all the time, this is the perfect list to get ahead of the curve. Tweet us anything that we missed!
Each day we’ll be choosing the top buzzword of this season in AV.
Buzzword:
4K60—4K60 is a YouTube project that supports HD video uploads at 60 frames per second. 4K60 will only work if you have a 4K monitor, but the system is still working out kinks with adapting to even that.
µ—A micron, or a millionth (10-6) of a meter.
2:2 Film Detection—The ability to determine whether PAL video has been converted from film using 2:2 pulldown. Film material with 2:2 pulldown may result in artifacts and jaggies when the video signal is deinterlaced. By using 2:2 film detection to determine if the material originated from film and was converted to PAL, the video processing algorithm can be used to optimize any video for deinterlacing so that the images are free of artifacts.
2.0 HDMI—HDMI 2.0b, which is backwards compatible with earlier versions of the HDMI specification, is the most recent update of the HDMI specification. It also enables key enhancements to support market requirements for enhancing the consumer video and audio experience. 2.0 HDMI enables transmission of High Dynamic Range (HDR) video, has a bandwidth up to 18Gbps, and has 4K@50/60 (2160p), which is 4 times the clarity of 1080p/60 video resolution. HDMI 2.0b does not define new cables or new connectors. Current High Speed cables (Category 2 cables) are capable of carrying the increased bandwidth.
3:2 Pulldown—The process of matching the frame rate of film (24 frames per second) to the frame rate of NTSC video (30 frames per second). In 3:2 pulldown, one frame of film is converted to three fields (1 1/2 frames) of video, and the next frame of film is converted to two fields (1 frame) of video. This cadence is repeated (3 fields, 2 fields, 3 fields, 2 fields . . .) until the film is fully converted to a video of approximately the same duration.
3:2 Pulldown Detection—A sophisticated technology in Extron scalers used to detect the presence of a 3:2 pulldown that helps maximize image detail and sharpness. When film-originated material is detected, this technology applies video processing algorithms that optimize image reproduction and avoids causing jaggies.
3G-SDI—The SMPTE signal standard for serial digital, high definition video with at 1920x1080 resolution and a 50Hz or 60Hz progressive frame rate. Up to 32 audio channels can be carried in the ancillary data. The 3G stands for 3 gigabits per second which is 2 times the bit rate of a 1.485 Gbit HDSDI signal. Also see "SMPTE 424M."
3-Way Speaker—A loudspeaker that divides the frequency spectrum into three parts (bass, midrange, treble) for reproduction through three or more drivers.
4:0:0—A monochrome video format, mainly used for key signals in a video production studio.
4:1:1 Color Space—Chroma, or color information is sampled at one-fourth the horizontal resolution of the luminance, or black and white information.
4:2:0 Color Space—Chroma, or color information is sampled at half the vertical and half the horizontal resolution of the luminance or black and white information.
4:2:2 Color Space—Color information is sampled at half the horizontal resolution of the luminance, black and white information. 4:2:2 color sampling is popular in high-quality broadcast video systems.
4:4:4 Color Space—Color information is sampled at the same rate as the luminance, black and white information Video systems designed for capturing real images typically quantize color information at one-fourth to onehalf the detail of luminance information. This is acceptable for real images, where sharp, on-off transitions between colors do not occur. Computer graphic pictures contain sharp, pixel transitions and require maintenance of 4:4:4 color space otherwise, information is lost.
4Fsc—The sampling rate of composite video signals as a multiple of color subcarrier* frequency. In PAL 4Fsc is about 17.73 MHz and in NTSC it is about 14.31MHz.
4K—A display device or content having horizontal resolution on the order of 4,000 pixels. 4K resolutions exist in the fields of digital television and digital cinematography. In the movie projection industry, Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI) is the dominant 4K standard.
4K60—4K60 is a YouTube project that supports HD video uploads at 60 frames per second. 4K60 will only work if you have a 4K monitor, but the system is still working out kinks with adapting to even that.
5.1 Channels—The standard number of channels for encoding film soundtracks. The five channels are left, center, right, surround left, and surround right. The “.1” channel carries frequencies below about 100Hz and is reserved for bass effects.
5.1-Channel Ready—An A/V receiver or controller with six discrete inputs that will accept the six discrete outputs from a Dolby Digital or DTS decoder. This feature allows you to add discrete digital decoding to a receiver or controller.
5.1 Surround Sound—("five point one") is the common name for six channel surround sound audio systems. 5.1 is the most commonly used layout in home cinema. It uses five full bandwidth channels and one low-frequency effects channel (the "point one").
7.1 Surround Sound—Sound is the common name for an eight-channel surround audio system commonly used in home theatre configurations. It adds two additional speakers to the more conventional six-channel (5.1) audio configuration.
10 Bit—An expression used to describe a digital data stream of 10-bit width. A ten-bit digital word can have 1024 steps or values. Digitizing video at 10-bit resolution is acceptable for most broadcast specifications, as the 1024 recovered steps accurately represent the digitized signal. When an 8-bit stream of data is used, only 256 steps are recoverable.
10/100BaseT—The Ethernet protocol that uses Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP – Cat 5, etc.) cable, in which the amount of data transmitted between two points in a given amount of time is equal to either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps.
100BaseT—An Ethernet standard for transmitting at 100 Mbps over twisted pair wire. 100BaseT was also called Fast Ethernet when first deployed in 1995 and officially the IEEE 802.3u standard, it is a 100 Mbps version of 10Base-T. Like 10Base-T, 100Base-T is a shared media LAN when used with a hub and 100 Mbps duplex when used with a switch.
1000BaseT / Gigabit Ethernet—An Ethernet standard that transmits at 1 Gbps over twisted pair wire. Use of Gigabit Ethernet is becoming a commonplace and will eventually be used as frequently as 100BaseT connections.
1080i—Pronounced “10-80 eye” or “10-80 interlaced”. Interlaced HDTV transmission standard. Refers to an active pixel rate of 1920x1080 with a vertical refresh rate of up to 60 fields (30 frames) per second for NTSC countries or 50 fields (25 frames) per second for PAL/SECAM countries.
1080p—Progressive-scan HDTV standard. Refers to an active pixel rate of 1920x1080 with a vertical refresh rate of up to 60 frames per second for NTSC countries or 50 frames per second for PAL/SECAM countries. 1080p is often stated with an associated frames-per-second rate, such as: 1080p24 (24 fps, progressive), 1080p30 (30 fps, progressive) and 1080p60 (60 fps, progressive). 1080p is extremely rare in broadcasting; for example, the ATSC standard provides bandwidth sufficient only for 1080p24 and 1080p30. Blu-ray and other pre-recorded high definition schemes can support full 1080p60 content playback.
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